Katie Pathcin

3 Katie Pathcin
Katie Pathcin
  • Height:
    5-6
  • Hometown:
    West Farmington, Ohio
  • Position:
    P
  • Year:
    Fr
  • Bats/Throws:
    R/R
  • High School:
    Bristol
  • Major:
    Digital Forensic Science
  • app
    15
  • gs
    7
  • w
    5
  • l
    4
  • sv
    0
  • ip
    42.2
  • era
    4.10
  • whip
    1.55
  • k
    26
Bio

Freshman (2013): Two-Way Player...Made 15 appearances with seven starts…Posted a 5-4 record in 42.2 innings pitched…Pitched three complete games...Allowed 41 runs, 25 earned, posting a 4.10 ERA...Allowed 61 hits against 194 batters faced, a .314 batting average against...Had 26 strikeouts with five walks...Allowed five homeruns...four doubles...Hit one batter...Had one wild pitch...Batted in 30 games with 29 starts…Had 23 hits in 77 at bats (.299 avg.)…six doubles...Scored eight runs...Had 11 RBIs...Had two walks...Had seven hit by pitches...Had a .372 on base percentage...Had 29 total bases for a .377 slugging percentage...Had 13 strikeouts...Was three for four in stolen base attempts...Had 100 putouts...Had 23 assists...Had four errors...Had a .969 fielding percentage...

High School: Four-year letterwinner at Bristol Local High for head coach Debbie Rowles … Voted team’s Co-Most Valuable Player during sophomore and junior campaigns and then received Most Valuable Player during senior season.

Personal: Daughter of Dan and Becky Patchin … Majoring in digital forensics.

 

Player statistics
  Overall Conference
Appearances 15 4
Games started 7 0
Wins 5 1
Losses 4 1
Saves 0 0
Complete Games 4 -
Shutouts - -
Innings Pitched 42.2 8.2
Hits 61 8
Runs 41 7
Earned Runs 25 5
Walks 5 1
Strikeouts 26 7
Strikeouts per Game 4.27 5.65
Doubles Allowed 4 -
Triples Allowed - -
WHIP - -
Home Runs Allows 5 2
At Bats Against 194 33
Batting Average Against .314 .242
Earned Run Average 4.10 4.04
Wild pitches 1 1
Hit Batters 1 -
Balks - -
Sacrifice Flies Allowed 1 1
Sacrifice Hits Allowed 8 2
Recent results
Recent Games
Date Opponent Result
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 5-2
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 6-4
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) W, 6-5
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) L, 9-8
May 1 Heidelberg W, 10-0
May 1 Heidelberg W, 3-2
Game Log - Hitting
Game Log - Fielding
Date Opponent Score gp ab h rbi bb 2b 3b hr xbh k avg obp slg hbp sf sh hdp go fo go/fo pa
Mar 10 vs. Roger Williams W, 9-1 1 3 1 1 - - - - 0 - .333 .333 .333 - - - - - 2 - 3
Mar 10 vs. Fitchburg St. W, 12-2 1 3 0 1 - - - - 0 - .000 .250 .000 1 - - - - 3 - 4
Mar 11 vs. Waynesburg (Pa.) W, 8-6 1 2 2 0 - 1 - - 1 - 1.000 1.000 1.500 - - - - - - - 2
Mar 11 vs. Bridgewater (Va.) L, 4-0 1 3 0 0 - - - - 0 2 .000 .000 .000 - - - - 1 - - 3
Mar 13 vs. Montclair St. L, 6-2 1 3 0 0 - - - - 0 2 .000 .000 .000 - - - - - 1 - 3
Mar 13 vs. Albion (Mich.) W, 9-1 1 3 1 1 - - - - 0 - .333 .333 .333 - - - - 2 - - 3
Mar 14 vs. Wheaton (Mass.) L, 2-1 1 3 1 0 - - - - 0 2 .333 .333 .333 - - - - - - - 3
Mar 14 vs. Mount Union L, 9-1 1 2 2 0 - - - - 0 - 1.000 1.000 1.000 - - - - - - - 2
Mar 15 vs. Lakeland W, 2-1 1 3 1 0 - 1 - - 1 - .333 .333 .667 - - - - 2 - - 3
Mar 15 vs. Sage W, 8-6 1 3 1 0 - - - - 0 - .333 .333 .333 - - - - - 1 - 3
Mar 23 at Rose-Hulman (Ind.) W, 6-5 1 5 3 2 - 1 - - 1 - .600 .600 .800 - - - - 2 - - 5
Mar 23 at Rose-Hulman (Ind.) L, 5-4 1 4 2 2 - - - - 0 - .500 .500 .500 - - - - - 2 - 4
Mar 28 at St. Mary's (Ind.) L, 5-1 1 2 1 0 - 1 - - 1 - .500 .667 1.000 1 - - - 1 - - 3
Mar 28 at St. Mary's (Ind.) L, 10-2 1 2 1 0 - 1 - - 1 - .500 .500 1.000 - - - - 1 - - 2
Mar 30 Hanover (Ind.) L, 5-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 30 Hanover (Ind.) W, 9-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 3 Trine (Ind.) W, 3-2 1 2 0 0 1 - - - 0 1 .000 .333 .000 - - - - 1 - - 3
Apr 3 Trine (Ind.) L, 11-0 1 2 0 0 - - - - 0 - .000 .000 .000 - - - - 2 - - 2
Apr 4 at Bluffton L, 11-9 1 4 3 2 - 1 - - 1 - .750 .750 1.000 - - - - 1 - - 4
Apr 4 at Bluffton L, 12-4 1 2 0 0 - - - - 0 - .000 .000 .000 - - - - 1 1 1.00 2
Apr 6 Anderson (Ind.) L, 2-0 1 3 0 0 - - - - 0 1 .000 .000 .000 - - - - - 2 - 3
Apr 6 Anderson (Ind.) L, 8-6 1 3 1 0 - - - - 0 - .333 .500 .333 1 - - - 2 - - 4
Apr 14 at Mt. St. Joseph W, 6-5 1 3 0 0 - - - - 0 1 .000 .250 .000 1 - - - 2 - - 4
Apr 14 at Mt. St. Joseph W, 8-0 1 2 0 0 - - - - 0 - .000 .500 .000 2 - - - 1 1 1.00 4
Apr 18 at Denison L, 6-0 1 1 0 0 1 - - - 0 1 .000 .500 .000 - - - - - - - 2
Apr 18 at Denison L, 1-0 1 3 0 0 - - - - 0 1 .000 .000 .000 - - - - 2 - - 3
Apr 20 Franklin (Ind.) W, 4-0 1 2 1 1 - - - - 0 - .500 .500 .500 - - - - 1 - - 2
Apr 20 Franklin (Ind.) L, 8-2 1 2 0 0 - - - - 0 - .000 .000 .000 - - - - 1 1 1.00 2
Apr 22 at Adrian (Mich.) L, 10-2 1 2 2 1 - - - - 0 - 1.000 1.000 1.000 - - - - - - - 2
Apr 22 at Adrian (Mich.) L, 9-1 1 1 0 0 - - - - 0 1 .000 .000 .000 - - - - - - - 1
Apr 27 Transylvania (Ky.) W, 5-1 1 3 0 0 - - - - 0 1 .000 .250 .000 1 - - - 1 1 1.00 4
Apr 27 Transylvania (Ky.) L, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 5-2 1 1 0 0 - - - - 0 - .000 .000 .000 - - - - - 1 - 1
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 6-4 1 0 0 0 - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - 0
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) W, 6-5 1 0 0 0 - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - 0
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) L, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 1 Heidelberg W, 10-0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 1 Heidelberg W, 3-2 1 0 0 0 - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - 0
Game Log - Base Running
Game Log - Fielding
Date Opponent Score gp r tb sb cs
Mar 10 vs. Roger Williams W, 9-1 1 0 1 - -
Mar 10 vs. Fitchburg St. W, 12-2 1 0 0 - -
Mar 11 vs. Waynesburg (Pa.) W, 8-6 1 0 3 - -
Mar 11 vs. Bridgewater (Va.) L, 4-0 1 0 0 - -
Mar 13 vs. Montclair St. L, 6-2 1 0 0 - -
Mar 13 vs. Albion (Mich.) W, 9-1 1 0 1 1 -
Mar 14 vs. Wheaton (Mass.) L, 2-1 1 0 1 - -
Mar 14 vs. Mount Union L, 9-1 1 0 2 - -
Mar 15 vs. Lakeland W, 2-1 1 1 2 - -
Mar 15 vs. Sage W, 8-6 1 1 1 - -
Mar 23 at Rose-Hulman (Ind.) W, 6-5 1 0 4 1 -
Mar 23 at Rose-Hulman (Ind.) L, 5-4 1 0 2 - -
Mar 28 at St. Mary's (Ind.) L, 5-1 1 1 2 - 1
Mar 28 at St. Mary's (Ind.) L, 10-2 1 1 2 - -
Mar 30 Hanover (Ind.) L, 5-3 - - - - -
Mar 30 Hanover (Ind.) W, 9-4 - - - - -
Apr 3 Trine (Ind.) W, 3-2 1 1 0 - -
Apr 3 Trine (Ind.) L, 11-0 1 0 0 - -
Apr 4 at Bluffton L, 11-9 1 1 4 - -
Apr 4 at Bluffton L, 12-4 1 0 0 - -
Apr 6 Anderson (Ind.) L, 2-0 1 0 0 - -
Apr 6 Anderson (Ind.) L, 8-6 1 1 1 - -
Apr 14 at Mt. St. Joseph W, 6-5 1 0 0 - -
Apr 14 at Mt. St. Joseph W, 8-0 1 1 0 - -
Apr 18 at Denison L, 6-0 1 0 0 - -
Apr 18 at Denison L, 1-0 1 0 0 - -
Apr 20 Franklin (Ind.) W, 4-0 1 0 1 - -
Apr 20 Franklin (Ind.) L, 8-2 1 0 0 - -
Apr 22 at Adrian (Mich.) L, 10-2 1 0 2 1 -
Apr 22 at Adrian (Mich.) L, 9-1 1 0 0 - -
Apr 27 Transylvania (Ky.) W, 5-1 1 0 0 - -
Apr 27 Transylvania (Ky.) L, 2-1 - - - - -
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 5-2 1 0 0 - -
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 6-4 1 0 0 - -
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) W, 6-5 1 0 0 - -
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) L, 9-8 - - - - -
May 1 Heidelberg W, 10-0 - - - - -
May 1 Heidelberg W, 3-2 1 0 0 - -
Game Log - Pitching
Game Log - Fielding
Date Opponent Score gp w l ip h r er era k k/7 hr whip
Mar 10 vs. Roger Williams W, 9-1 1 1 0 5.0 7 1 1 1.40 4 5.60 - -
Mar 10 vs. Fitchburg St. W, 12-2 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Mar 11 vs. Waynesburg (Pa.) W, 8-6 1 0 0 3.2 5 4 1 1.91 3 5.73 1 -
Mar 11 vs. Bridgewater (Va.) L, 4-0 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Mar 13 vs. Montclair St. L, 6-2 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Mar 13 vs. Albion (Mich.) W, 9-1 1 1 0 5.0 5 1 0 0.00 3 4.20 - -
Mar 14 vs. Wheaton (Mass.) L, 2-1 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Mar 14 vs. Mount Union L, 9-1 1 0 1 3.2 8 5 5 9.55 2 3.82 1 -
Mar 15 vs. Lakeland W, 2-1 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Mar 15 vs. Sage W, 8-6 1 1 0 5.0 4 4 2 2.80 2 2.80 - -
Mar 23 at Rose-Hulman (Ind.) W, 6-5 1 1 0 4.0 3 2 1 1.75 1 1.75 1 -
Mar 23 at Rose-Hulman (Ind.) L, 5-4 1 0 1 1.2 2 1 1 4.20 2 8.40 - -
Mar 28 at St. Mary's (Ind.) L, 5-1 1 0 0 0.2 1 0 0 0.00 0 .00 - -
Mar 28 at St. Mary's (Ind.) L, 10-2 1 0 1 4.0 11 10 4 7.00 3 5.25 1 -
Mar 30 Hanover (Ind.) L, 5-3 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 30 Hanover (Ind.) W, 9-4 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 3 Trine (Ind.) W, 3-2 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 3 Trine (Ind.) L, 11-0 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 4 at Bluffton L, 11-9 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 4 at Bluffton L, 12-4 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 6 Anderson (Ind.) L, 2-0 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 6 Anderson (Ind.) L, 8-6 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 14 at Mt. St. Joseph W, 6-5 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 14 at Mt. St. Joseph W, 8-0 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 18 at Denison L, 6-0 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 18 at Denison L, 1-0 1 0 0 2.0 3 0 0 0.00 0 .00 - -
Apr 20 Franklin (Ind.) W, 4-0 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 20 Franklin (Ind.) L, 8-2 1 0 0 1.0 3 4 3 21.00 1 7.00 1 -
Apr 22 at Adrian (Mich.) L, 10-2 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 22 at Adrian (Mich.) L, 9-1 1 0 1 0.1 5 5 4 84.00 0 .00 - -
Apr 27 Transylvania (Ky.) W, 5-1 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 27 Transylvania (Ky.) L, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 5-2 1 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - .00 - -
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 6-4 1 0 0 2.0 0 0 0 0.00 3 10.50 - -
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) W, 6-5 1 0 0 0.1 2 4 3 63.00 0 .00 - -
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) L, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 1 Heidelberg W, 10-0 - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 1 Heidelberg W, 3-2 1 1 0 4.1 2 0 0 0.00 2 3.23 - -
Game Log - Fielding
Game Log - Fielding
Date Opponent Score gp tc po a e pb f% dp sba rcs rcs% ci
Mar 10 vs. Roger Williams W, 9-1 1 1 0 1 0 - 1.000 - 1 - - -
Mar 10 vs. Fitchburg St. W, 12-2 1 7 7 0 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 11 vs. Waynesburg (Pa.) W, 8-6 1 3 0 3 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 11 vs. Bridgewater (Va.) L, 4-0 1 10 10 0 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 13 vs. Montclair St. L, 6-2 1 6 6 0 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 13 vs. Albion (Mich.) W, 9-1 1 3 0 3 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 14 vs. Wheaton (Mass.) L, 2-1 1 14 11 0 3 - .786 - - - - -
Mar 14 vs. Mount Union L, 9-1 1 4 2 2 0 - 1.000 - 1 - - -
Mar 15 vs. Lakeland W, 2-1 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 15 vs. Sage W, 8-6 1 2 0 2 0 - 1.000 - 1 - - -
Mar 23 at Rose-Hulman (Ind.) W, 6-5 1 3 1 2 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 23 at Rose-Hulman (Ind.) L, 5-4 1 7 7 0 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 28 at St. Mary's (Ind.) L, 5-1 1 1 0 1 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 28 at St. Mary's (Ind.) L, 10-2 1 1 0 1 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Mar 30 Hanover (Ind.) L, 5-3 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 30 Hanover (Ind.) W, 9-4 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 3 Trine (Ind.) W, 3-2 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 3 Trine (Ind.) L, 11-0 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 4 at Bluffton L, 11-9 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 4 at Bluffton L, 12-4 1 3 3 0 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Apr 6 Anderson (Ind.) L, 2-0 1 12 12 0 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Apr 6 Anderson (Ind.) L, 8-6 1 6 6 0 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Apr 14 at Mt. St. Joseph W, 6-5 1 10 10 0 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Apr 14 at Mt. St. Joseph W, 8-0 1 7 6 1 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Apr 18 at Denison L, 6-0 1 10 9 1 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Apr 18 at Denison L, 1-0 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 20 Franklin (Ind.) W, 4-0 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 20 Franklin (Ind.) L, 8-2 1 1 0 1 0 - 1.000 - 1 - - -
Apr 22 at Adrian (Mich.) L, 10-2 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 22 at Adrian (Mich.) L, 9-1 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 27 Transylvania (Ky.) W, 5-1 1 10 9 0 1 - .900 - - - - -
Apr 27 Transylvania (Ky.) L, 2-1 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 5-2 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 29 Manchester (Ind.) L, 6-4 1 2 0 2 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) W, 6-5 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 30 Olivet (Mich.) L, 9-8 - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 1 Heidelberg W, 10-0 - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 1 Heidelberg W, 3-2 1 3 0 3 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Career Stats - Hitting
Statistic gp ab h rbi bb 2b 3b hr xbh k avg obp slg hbp sf sh hdp go fo go/fo pa
2012-13 33 77 23 11 2 6 - - 6 13 .299 .372 .377 7 - - - 24 16 1.50 86
Total 33 77 23 11 2 6 - - 6 13 .299 .372 .377 7 - - - 24 16 1.50 86
Career Stats - Base Running
Statistic gp r tb sb cs
2012-13 33 8 29 3 1
Total 33 8 29 3 1
Career Stats - Pitching
Statistic era w l app gs sv ip h r er bb k k/7 hr whip bf wp hbp
2012-13 4.10 5 4 15 7 0 42.2 61 41 25 5 26 4.27 5 1.55 209 1 1
Total 4.10 5 4 15 7 0 42.2 61 41 25 5 26 4.27 5 1.55 209 1 1
Career Stats - Fielding
Statistic gp tc po a e pb f% dp sba rcs rcs% ci
2012-13 33 126 99 23 4 - .968 - 4 - - -
Total 33 126 99 23 4 - .968 - 4 - - -
Split Stats - Hitting
Statistic gp ab h rbi bb 2b 3b hr xbh k avg obp slg hbp sf sh hdp go fo go/fo pa
Event
Total 33 77 23 11 2 6 - - 6 13 .299 .372 .377 7 - - - 24 16 1.50 86
Conference 13 34 10 7 - 2 - - 2 3 .294 .385 .353 5 - - - 12 9 1.33 39
Exhibition - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - 0
Location
Home 11 18 2 1 1 - - - 0 3 .111 .238 .111 2 - - - 8 5 1.60 21
Away 12 31 12 7 1 4 - - 4 4 .387 .472 .516 4 - - - 11 4 2.75 36
Neutral 10 28 9 3 - 2 - - 2 6 .321 .345 .393 1 - - - 5 7 0.71 29
Result
Wins 14 34 10 6 1 3 - - 3 3 .294 .400 .382 5 - - - 12 8 1.50 40
Losses 19 43 13 5 1 3 - - 3 10 .302 .348 .372 2 - - - 12 8 1.50 46
Month
March 14 41 16 7 - 5 - - 5 6 .390 .419 .512 2 - - - 9 9 1.00 43
April 18 36 7 4 2 1 - - 1 7 .194 .326 .222 5 - - - 15 7 2.14 43
May 1 0 0 0 - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - 0
Split Stats - Base Running
Statistic gp r tb sb cs
Event
Total 33 8 29 3 1
Conference 13 3 12 1 -
Exhibition - - 0 - -
Location
Home 11 2 2 - -
Away 12 4 16 2 1
Neutral 10 2 11 1 -
Result
Wins 14 4 13 2 -
Losses 19 4 16 1 1
Month
March 14 4 21 2 1
April 18 4 8 1 -
May 1 0 0 - -
Split Stats - Pitching
Statistic era w l app gs sv ip h r er bb k k/7 hr whip bf wp hbp
Event
Total 4.10 5 4 15 7 0 42.2 61 41 25 5 26 4.27 5 1.55 209 1 1
Conference 4.04 1 1 4 0 0 8.2 8 7 5 1 7 5.65 2 1.04 37 1 -
Exhibition 0.00 - - - - - 0.0 - - - - 0 .00 - - - - -
Location
Home 5.48 1 0 4 0 0 7.2 7 8 6 4 6 5.48 1 1.43 36 - -
Away 5.53 1 3 6 2 0 12.2 25 18 10 1 6 3.32 2 2.05 68 1 -
Neutral 2.82 3 1 5 5 0 22.1 29 15 9 0 14 4.39 2 1.30 105 - 1
Result
Wins 2.05 5 0 7 4 0 27.1 28 16 8 4 15 3.84 2 1.17 124 - 1
Losses 7.76 0 4 8 3 0 15.1 33 25 17 1 11 5.02 3 2.22 85 1 -
Month
March 3.21 4 3 9 6 0 32.2 46 28 15 1 20 4.29 4 1.44 157 1 1
April 12.35 0 1 5 1 0 5.2 13 13 10 3 4 4.94 1 2.82 36 - -
May 0.00 1 0 1 0 0 4.1 2 0 0 1 2 3.23 - .69 16 - -
Split Stats - Fielding
Statistic gp tc po a e pb f% dp sba rcs rcs% ci
Event
Total 33 126 99 23 4 - .968 - 4 - - -
Conference 13 61 54 6 1 - .984 - 1 - - -
Exhibition - 0 - - - - - - - - - -
Location
Home 11 34 27 6 1 - .971 - 1 - - -
Away 12 42 36 6 0 - 1.000 - - - - -
Neutral 10 50 36 11 3 - .940 - 3 - - -
Result
Wins 14 49 33 15 1 - .980 - 2 - - -
Losses 19 77 66 8 3 - .961 - 2 - - -
Month
March 14 62 44 15 3 - .952 - 3 - - -
April 18 61 55 5 1 - .984 - 1 - - -
May 1 3 0 3 0 - 1.000 - - - - -